°¢¿Ë°Í(1542¡«1605Äê)

Akbar

È«ÃûAbu-ul-FathJalal-ud-DinMuhammadAkbar

Ó¡¶ÈÃÉØ£¶ùÍõ³¯×îΰ´óµÄ»ÊµÛ£¨1556¡«1665ÄêÔÚ룩¡£ÎªÌûľ¶ù¼°³É¼ªË¼º¹£¨GenghisKhan£©µÄáá´ú¡£µ±Ê±ËûµÄͳÖÎÖ»ÏÞì¶ÅÔÕÚÆպ͵ÂÀDelhi£©ÖÜΧµØÇø¡£1562Äê°²²®Íõ¹«£¨Amber£©Óë°¢¿Ë°ÍÁªÒö£¬³ÐÈÏ°¢¿Ë°ÍµÄ×ÚÖ÷Ȩ£¬À­½ÜÆÕÌØÈË£¨Rajput£©µÄÆäËûÊ×ÁìÒ²¸ú½ø¡£ÎÞÂÛ´ÓÐÐÕþ¹ÜÀíµÄÄÄÒ»·½ÃæÀ´Ëµ£¬°¢¿Ë°ÍÔÚÕùÈ¡Ó¡¶ÈÈ˺Ï×÷ÉϱÈËùÓÐÇ°ÈÎÄÂ˹ÁÖͳÖÎÕ߶¼Òª³É¹¦¡£1573Äê°¢¿Ë°ÍÕ÷·þÁ˹żªÀ­ÌØ£¬1576ÄêÍ̲¢ÃϼÓÀ­£¨Bengal£©¡£ÔÚÆäͳÖÎÄ©ÆÚÏÈááÕ÷·þÁË¿¦Ê²Ã׶û£¨Kashmir,1586£©£¬²¢ÍùÄϽøÈëµÂ¸É£¨Deccan£©µØÇø¡£ÔÚÐÐÕþÉÏ£¬°¢¿Ë°Í²ÉÈ¡ÖÐÑ뼯ȨÕþ²ß£¬ËùÓеÄÎÄÎä¹ÙÔ±¶¼ÓÉËûÖ¸ÅÉ¡£ËûÌᳫѧÊõÑо¿¡¢Ê«¸è¡¢»æ»­¡¢ÒôÀÖ£¬Ê¹¹¬Í¢³ÉΪһ¸öÎÄ»¯ÖÐÐÄ¡£Ëû»¹°ÑèóÓï¾­µä×Å×÷·­Òë³É²¨Ë¹ÎÄ£¬¶ÔÒ®öÕ»á½ÌÊ¿³Ê¸øËûµÄÅ·Ö޻滭×÷Æ·Ò²¼«¸ÐÐËȤ¡£ÔÚλʱ¼ä¿°³ÆÊÇÓ¡¶ÈÒ»¶Î»Æ½ðʱ´ú¡£ÒàÇë²ÎÔÄBabur¡£

Englishversion£º

1542¡«1605Äê

Akbar

GreatestoftheMughalemperors(seeMughaldynasty)ofIndia(r.1556-1605).Akbar,whoseancestorsincludedTimurandGenghisKhan,ascendedthethroneasayouth.InitiallyhisruleextendedonlyoverthePunjabandtheareaaroundDelhi.TheRajputrajaofAmber(Jaipur)acknowledgedhissuzeraintyin1562,andotherRajputrajasfollowedsuit.AkbarincludedRajputprincesandotherHindusinthehighestranksofhisgovernmentandreduceddiscriminationagainstnon-Muslims.Hecontinuedhisconquests,takingGujaratinthewest(1573)andBengalintheeast(annexedin1576).TowardtheendofhisreignheconqueredKashmir(1586)andmovedsouthintotheDeccan.Administratively,hestrengthenedcentralpower,establishingthatallmilitaryofficersandciviladministratorsweretobeappointedbytheemperor.Heencouragedscholars,poets,painters,andmusicians,makinghiscourtacenterofculture.HehadSanskritclassicstranslatedintoPersianandwasenthusiasticabouttheEuropeanpaintingspresentedtohimbyJesuitmissionaries.Hisreignwasoftenportrayedasamodelbylatergovernments¡ªstrong,benevolent,tolerant,andenlightened.SeealsoBabur.